Chronic alcohol consumption does not cause hippocampal neuron loss in humans.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Harding, A J; Wong, A; Svoboda, M; Kril, J J; Halliday, G M
- Year
- 1997
- Journal
- Hippocampus
- PMID
- 9138671
- DOI
- 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1997)7:1<78::AID-HIPO8>3.0.CO;2-3
High alcohol consumption for long periods of time causes significant hippocampal neurodegeneration in rodents. A single study using neuronal density measures has reported similar findings in humans. The present study aims to substantiate these findings in human alcoholics using unbiased stereological techniques. Both amnesic (n = 5) and nonamnesic (n = 7) chronic alcoholics were selected and compared with nonalcoholic controls (n = 8) and patients with marked memory loss and hippocampal neurodegeneration caused by Alzheimer's disease (n = 4). Hippocampal volume was significantly reduced in the alcoholics and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. However, in alcoholics the volume reduction occurred exclusively in the white matter, whereas both the gray and white matter were reduced in the patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neuron loss occurred exclusively from the CA1 and subiculum subregions of the hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease. No neuron loss occurred from any subregion of the hippocampus in alcoholics. There were no correlations with age and any of the volume or neuron number measures. Hippocampal volume correlated with brain volume and with the regional gray and white matter volumes within the hippocampus. In addition, hippocampal gray matter volume correlated with the number of CA1 pyramidal neurons. These results do not support the theory that chronic alcohol consumption is neurotoxic to hippocampal pyramidal neurons in humans. Further, the present results suggest that changes observed in rodent models of alcoholism do not parallel those observed in humans, questioning the validity of such models.
No figures extracted from this document.
No chunks — full text not yet ingested.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
No citations found.
In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quantification of the neuropathology of alcohol use disorder using tissue microarrays. | Liu J et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| The Neuropathology of Alcohol Use Disorder: Cellular Insights From Human Post-Mortem Studies. | Rasool AE et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review. | Zahr NM | — | 2024 | → |
| Graph Theoretical Analysis of Brain Structural Connectivity in Patients with Alcohol Dependence. | Lee H et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Sensitivity of Hypocretin System to Chronic Alcohol Exposure: A Human and Animal Study. | McGregor R et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Alcohol Withdrawal and the Associated Mood Disorders-A Review. | Ngui HHL et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Biovalue in Human Brain Banking: Applications and Challenges for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases. | Vedam-Mai V | — | 2022 | → |
| Cognitive dysfunction and cerebral volumetric deficits in individuals with Alzheimer's disease, alcohol use disorder, and dual diagnosis. | Zhornitsky S et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The contribution of mamillary body damage to Wernicke's encephalopathy and Korsakoff's syndrome. | Arts NJM et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Chronic alcohol-induced liver injury correlates with memory deficits: Role for neuroinflammation. | King JA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Different aspects of impulsivity in chronic alcohol use disorder with and without comorbid problem gambling. | Kovács I et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Hippocampal subfield CA2+3 exhibits accelerated aging in Alcohol Use Disorder: A preliminary study. | Zahr NM et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| ADX-47273, a mGlu5 receptor positive allosteric modulator, attenuates deficits in cognitive flexibility induced by withdrawal from 'binge-like' ethanol exposure in rats. | Marszalek-Grabska M et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Binge ethanol exposure induces endoplasmic reticulum stress in the brain of adult mice. | Wang Y et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Jacobian Maps Reveal Under-reported Brain Regions Sensitive to Extreme Binge Ethanol Intoxication in the Rat. | Zhao Q et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Lower Prefrontal and Hippocampal Volume and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Differences Reflect Structural and Functional Abnormalities in Abstinent Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder. | Pandey AK et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Myths and truths about the cellular composition of the human brain: A review of influential concepts. | von Bartheld CS | — | 2018 | → |
| Regional Brain Volume Changes in Alcohol-Dependent Individuals During Short-Term and Long-Term Abstinence. | Zou X et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Alcohol-related diseases. | Weis S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Alcohol's Effects on the Brain: Neuroimaging Results in Humans and Animal Models. | Zahr NM et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Negative Association Between MR-Spectroscopic Glutamate Markers and Gray Matter Volume After Alcohol Withdrawal in the Hippocampus: A Translational Study in Humans and Rats. | Frischknecht U et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Volume of hippocampal subfields in patients with alcohol dependence. | Lee J et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Brain tissue compartment density estimated using diffusion-weighted MRI yields tissue parameters consistent with histology. | Sepehrband F et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Mild thiamine deficiency and chronic ethanol consumption modulate acetylcholinesterase activity change and spatial memory performance in a water maze task. | de Fátima Oliveira-Silva I et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Alcohol and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: promiscuous drug, wanton effects. | Geil CR et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of alcohol use disorders. | Meyerhoff DJ | — | 2014 | → |
| Human alcohol-related neuropathology. | de la Monte SM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Neuropathology of alcoholism. | Sutherland GT et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Profiles of impaired, spared, and recovered neuropsychologic processes in alcoholism. | Oscar-Berman M et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Sex-related and tissue-specific effects of tobacco smoking on brain atrophy: assessment in a large longitudinal cohort of healthy elderly. | Duriez Q et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Structural and microstructral imaging of the brain in alcohol use disorders. | Zahr NM | — | 2014 | → |
| Using autopsy brain tissue to study alcohol-related brain damage in the genomic age. | Sutherland GT et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Males and females are just different: sexually dimorphic responses to chronic ethanol exposure in hippocampal slice cultures. | Wiren KM | — | 2013 | → |
| Stress-response pathways are altered in the hippocampus of chronic alcoholics. | McClintick JN et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Subcortical volumes are reduced in short-term and long-term abstinent alcoholics but not those with a comorbid stimulant disorder. | Fein G et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The effects of chronic alcoholism on cell proliferation in the human brain. | Sutherland GT et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Brain and behavioral pathology in an animal model of Wernicke's encephalopathy and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome. | Vetreno RP et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Neuroanatomy and neuropathology associated with Korsakoff's syndrome. | Kril JJ et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Alcohol-related amnesia and dementia: animal models have revealed the contributions of different etiological factors on neuropathology, neurochemical dysfunction and cognitive impairment. | Vetreno RP et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Clinical and pathological features of alcohol-related brain damage. | Zahr NM et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Effects of alcoholism and continued abstinence on brain volumes in both genders. | Demirakca T et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Subcortical volumes in long-term abstinent alcoholics: associations with psychiatric comorbidity. | Sameti M et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| The role of early life stress as a predictor for alcohol and drug dependence. | Enoch MA | — | 2011 | → |
| Upregulated vimentin suggests new areas of neurodegeneration in a model of an alcohol use disorder. | Kelso ML et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Cholinergic dysfunction and amnesia in patients with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study. | Nardone R et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Brain banking: opportunities, challenges and meaning for the future. | Kretzschmar H | — | 2009 | → |
| Episodic memory in detoxified alcoholics: contribution of grey matter microstructure alteration. | Chanraud S et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Morphological and glucose metabolism abnormalities in alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome: group comparisons and individual analyses. | Pitel AL et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Proteomics approach in the study of the pathophysiology of alcohol-related brain damage. | Matsumoto I | — | 2009 | → |
| Acute and chronic effects of ethanol on cortical excitability. | Conte A et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Alcoholism: protein expression profiles in a human hippocampal model. | Matsumoto H et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Chronic cigarette smoking modulates injury and short-term recovery of the medial temporal lobe in alcoholics. | Gazdzinski S et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Distinct cell proliferation events during abstinence after alcohol dependence: microglia proliferation precedes neurogenesis. | Nixon K et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Neuroinflammation as a neurotoxic mechanism in alcoholism: commentary on "Increased MCP-1 and microglia in various regions of human alcoholic brain". | Sullivan EV et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Neuropathology of alcohol-related cognitive alterations. | Harper C et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Translational studies of alcoholism: bridging the gap. | Zahr NM et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Adolescence, glucocorticoids and alcohol. | Prendergast MA et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Alcohol: effects on neurobehavioral functions and the brain. | Oscar-Berman M et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| A widespread distinct pattern of cerebral atrophy in patients with alcohol addiction revealed by voxel-based morphometry. | Mechtcheriakov S et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| CNS proteomes in alcohol and drug abuse and dependence. | Matsumoto I et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Differential protein expression profiles in the hippocampus of human alcoholics. | Matsuda-Matsumoto H et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Running is rewarding and antidepressive. | Brené S et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| The relationship between brain morphometry and neuropsychological performance in alcohol dependence. | Jang DP et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Alcohol and adult neurogenesis: roles in neurodegeneration and recovery in chronic alcoholism. | Nixon K | — | 2006 | → |
| Longitudinal brain magnetic resonance imaging study of the alcohol-preferring rat. Part II: effects of voluntary chronic alcohol consumption. | Pfefferbaum A et al. | — | 2006 | → |
| Corticosterone increases damage and cytosolic calcium accumulation associated with ethanol withdrawal in rat hippocampal slice cultures. | Mulholland PJ et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Ethanol exposure and withdrawal sensitizes the rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell region to beta-amyloid (25-35)-induced cytotoxicity: NMDA receptor involvement. | Self RL et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Functional MRI study of diencephalic amnesia in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. | Caulo M et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Genetic influences in emotional dysfunction and alcoholism-related brain damage. | Oscar-Berman M et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA levels in the cingulate cortex of individuals with depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. | Webster MJ et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Neurocircuitry in alcoholism: a substrate of disruption and repair. | Sullivan EV et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and cerebellar volumes in adolescents and young adults with adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders and comorbid mental disorders. | De Bellis MD et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| The effect of ethanol on cell fate determination of neural stem cells. | Tateno M et al. | — | 2005 | → |
| Alcohol-induced neurodegeneration: when, where and why? | Crews FT et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Consequences of multiple withdrawals from alcohol. | Duka T et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Cytotoxic effects of exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protein Tat in the hippocampus are enhanced by prior ethanol treatment. | Self RL et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Exercise reverses ethanol inhibition of neural stem cell proliferation. | Crews FT et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Myelinated nerve fibres in the subcortical white matter of cerebral hemispheres are preserved in alcoholic subjects. | Tang Y et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Relationship between hippocampal volume and CA1 neuron loss in brains of humans with and without Alzheimer's disease. | Kril JJ et al. | — | 2004 | → |
| Binge ethanol treatment causes greater brain damage in alcohol-preferring P rats than in alcohol-nonpreferring NP rats. | Crews FT et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| CSF monoamine metabolites and MRI brain volumes in alcohol dependence. | Agartz I et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Expression of hNP22 is altered in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the alcoholic human brain. | Depaz I et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Lack of association between hippocampal volume reduction and first-onset alcohol withdrawal seizure. A volumetric MRI study. | Bleich S et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Loss and altered spatial distribution of oligodendrocytes in the superior frontal gyrus in schizophrenia. | Hof PR et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Neural stem cells and alcohol. | Crews FT et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Selective impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis by chronic alcoholism: protective effects of an antioxidant. | Herrera DG et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Alcoholism and AIDS: magnetic resonance imaging approaches for detecting interactive neuropathology. | Pfefferbaum A et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| Binge ethanol exposure decreases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. | Nixon K et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| Binge ethanol exposure in adult rats causes necrotic cell death. | Obernier JA et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| Cognitive deficits and CNS damage after a 4-day binge ethanol exposure in rats. | Obernier JA et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| Individual differences in latent neuropsychological abilities at addictions treatment entry. | Bates ME et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| Selective hippocampal neuron loss in dementia with Lewy bodies. | Harding AJ et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| The effects of chronic ethanol consumption on neurotrophins and their receptors in the rat hippocampus and basal forebrain. | Miller R et al. | — | 2002 | → |
| [Applications of magnetic resonance spectrometry (MRS) in the study of metabolic disturbances affecting the brain in alcoholism]. | Viola A et al. | — | 2001 | → |
| Chemical pathology in brain white matter of recently detoxified alcoholics: a 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy investigation of alcohol-associated frontal lobe injury. | Schweinsburg BC et al. | — | 2001 | → |
| Interaction of nutrition and binge ethanol treatment on brain damage and withdrawal. | Crews FT et al. | — | 2001 | → |
| Possible consequences of social drinking in the early stages of Alzheimer disease. | Wiscott R et al. | — | 2001 | → |
| Sequential MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy in patients who underwent recent detoxification for chronic alcoholism: correlation with clinical and neuropsychological data. | Bendszus M et al. | — | 2001 | → |
| Alcohol-induced brain pathology and behavioral dysfunction: using an animal model to examine sex differences. | Savage LM et al. | — | 2000 | → |
| A volumetric MRI study of the hippocampus in type 1 and 2 alcoholism. | Laakso MP et al. | — | 2000 | → |
| Binge ethanol consumption causes differential brain damage in young adolescent rats compared with adult rats. | Crews FT et al. | — | 2000 | → |
| Increased histamine release and granulocytes within the thalamus of a rat model of Wernicke's encephalopathy. | McRee RC et al. | — | 2000 | → |
| Brain shrinkage in alcoholics: a decade on and what have we learned? | Kril JJ et al. | — | 1999 | → |
| Neuronal loss in functional zones of the cerebellum of chronic alcoholics with and without Wernicke's encephalopathy. | Baker KG et al. | — | 1999 | → |
| The cerebral cortex is damaged in chronic alcoholics. | Kril JJ et al. | — | 1997 | → |