Comparison of psychiatric diagnoses from interview reports with those from best-estimate procedures.
- Authors
- Bucholz, Kathleen K; Nurnberger, John I; Kramer, John R; Hesselbrock, Victor M; Schuckit, Marc A; Bierut, Laura J
- Year
- 2006
- Journal
- Journal of studies on alcohol
- PMID
- 16536140
- DOI
- 10.15288/jsa.2006.67.157
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare psychiatric diagnoses based on interview information with those based on best-estimate procedures, to evaluate information used in such procedures, and to use 5-year follow-up data to determine whether the best-estimate diagnosis is an improvement over the interview-based diagnosis. METHOD: Psychiatric diagnoses were based on interview reports from 373 probands and 2615 relatives participating in a high-risk family study of alcoholism. The diagnosis also included clinician ratings in a best-estimate procedure of this study. RESULTS: For most diagnoses, both sensitivity and specificity, using the best-estimate diagnosis (BED) as the gold standard, were excellent, in both relatives and probands. Substance abuse was an exception, with very low sensitivity, although specificity rates were excellent. For nonsubstance diagnoses, specificity was high, but sensitivity ranged from 59% to 84% across relatives and probands. In general, BED procedures led to higher prevalence estimates than those from the interview only. In the BED process, family history data were especially useful for conduct and antisocial personality disorders. Follow-up interview data supported the fact that BED procedures led to both enhancements of, as well as errors in, diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our data attest to the utility of family history information, particularly for antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder, and indicate that, for the phenotype of substance-dependence disorder, an interview-based diagnosis alone is adequate in classifying individuals with a minimum of error. These results should be reassuring for research studies in which costs and resources required for best-estimate procedures are not affordable.
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External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does method matter? Assessing the validity and clinical utility of structured diagnostic interviews among a clinical sample of first-admitted patients with psychosis: A replication study. | Kvig EI et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Genomic risk for post-traumatic stress disorder in families densely affected with alcohol use disorders. | Saenz de Viteri S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism: Overview. | Agrawal A et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: Sample and clinical data. | Dick DM et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| A Pilot Follow-Up Study of Older Alcohol-Dependent COGA Adults. | Chan G et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Reliability and validity of an internalizing symptom scale based on the adolescent and adult Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA). | Acion L et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Is It Adaptive for People With Personality Problems to Know How Their Romantic Partner Perceives Them? The Effect of Meta-accuracy on Romantic Relationship Satisfaction. | Carlson EN et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to acute psychosocial stress: Effects of biological sex and circulating sex hormones. | Stephens MA et al. | — | 2016 | → |
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| A comparison of diagnoses obtained from in-person and telephone interviews, using the semi-structured assessment for the genetics of alcoholism (SSAGA). | Kramer JR et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Diagnosis of schizophrenia in latino populations: a comparison of direct interview and consensus based multi-source methods. | Contreras J et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Teenagers are right--parents do not know much: an analysis of adolescent-parent agreement on reports of adolescent substance use, abuse, and dependence. | Fisher SL et al. | — | 2006 | → |