A better coefficient of determination for genetic profile analysis.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Lee, Sang Hong; Goddard, Michael E; Wray, Naomi R; Visscher, Peter M
- Year
- 2012
- Journal
- Genetic epidemiology
- PMID
- 22714935
- DOI
- 10.1002/gepi.21614
Genome-wide association studies have facilitated the construction of risk predictors for disease from multiple Single Nucleotide Polymorphism markers. The ability of such "genetic profiles" to predict outcome is usually quantified in an independent data set. Coefficients of determination (R(2) ) have been a useful measure to quantify the goodness-of-fit of the genetic profile. Various pseudo-R(2) measures for binary responses have been proposed. However, there is no standard or consensus measure because the concept of residual variance is not easily defined on the observed probability scale. Unlike other nongenetic predictors such as environmental exposure, there is prior information on genetic predictors because for most traits there are estimates of the proportion of variation in risk in the population due to all genetic factors, the heritability. It is this useful ability to benchmark that makes the choice of a measure of goodness-of-fit in genetic profiling different from that of nongenetic predictors. In this study, we use a liability threshold model to establish the relationship between the observed probability scale and underlying liability scale in measuring R(2) for binary responses. We show that currently used R(2) measures are difficult to interpret, biased by ascertainment, and not comparable to heritability. We suggest a novel and globally standard measure of R(2) that is interpretable on the liability scale. Furthermore, even when using ascertained case-control studies that are typical in human disease studies, we can obtain an R(2) measure on the liability scale that can be compared directly to heritability.
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| Using information of relatives in genomic prediction to apply effective stratified medicine. | Lee SH et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A genome-wide analysis of putative functional and exonic variation associated with extremely high intelligence. | Spain SL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease shares genetic background with esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus. | Gharahkhani P et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Cross-Disorder Psychiatric Genomics. | Docherty AR et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Estimating Effect Sizes and Expected Replication Probabilities from GWAS Summary Statistics. | Holland D et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Fine mapping the MHC region identified four independent variants modifying susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B in Han Chinese. | Zhu M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Genetics of Schizophrenia: Historical Insights and Prevailing Evidence. | van de Leemput J et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Polygenic dissection of major depression clinical heterogeneity. | Milaneschi Y et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Polygenic Risk of Schizophrenia and Cognition in a Population-Based Survey of Older Adults. | Liebers DT et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Prediction of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer outcomes assessed by innovative multimarker prognostic models. | López de Maturana E et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Accuracy of Gene Scores when Pruning Markers by Linkage Disequilibrium. | Dudbridge F et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Explicit Modeling of Ancestry Improves Polygenic Risk Scores and BLUP Prediction. | Chen CY et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Fine mapping in the MHC region accounts for 18% additional genetic risk for celiac disease. | Gutierrez-Achury J et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genetic overlap between diagnostic subtypes of ischemic stroke. | Holliday EG et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Impact of common risk factors of fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C. | Rüeger S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Modeling Linkage Disequilibrium Increases Accuracy of Polygenic Risk Scores. | Vilhjálmsson BJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The association between lower educational attainment and depression owing to shared genetic effects? Results in ~25,000 subjects. | Peyrot WJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci. | Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium | — | 2014 | → |
| Effect of polygenic risk scores on depression in childhood trauma. | Peyrot WJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| How will insights from genetics translate to clinical practice in inflammatory bowel disease? | Festen EA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Research review: Polygenic methods and their application to psychiatric traits. | Wray NR et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Estimation and partitioning of polygenic variation captured by common SNPs for Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and endometriosis. | Lee SH et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs. | Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Novel genetic analysis for case-control genome-wide association studies: quantification of power and genomic prediction accuracy. | Lee SH et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Power and predictive accuracy of polygenic risk scores. | Dudbridge F | — | 2013 | → |
| The benefits of selecting phenotype-specific variants for applications of mixed models in genomics. | Lippert C et al. | — | 2013 | → |