On stigma and its consequences: evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Link, B G; Struening, E L; Rahav, M; Phelan, J C; Nuttbrock, L
- Year
- 1997
- Journal
- Journal of health and social behavior
- PMID
- 9212538
Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong connection between the experience of stigma and the well-being of the stigmatized. But in the area of mental illness there has been controversy surrounding the magnitude and duration of the effects of labeling and stigma. One of the arguments that has been used to downplay the importance of these factors is the substantial body of evidence suggesting that labeling leads to positive effects through mental health treatment. However, as Rosenfield (1997) points out, labeling can simultaneously induce both positive consequences through treatment and negative consequences through stigma. In this study we test whether stigma has enduring effects on well-being by interviewing 84 men with dual diagnoses of mental disorder and substance abuse at two points in time--at entry into treatment, when they were addicted to drugs and had many psychiatric symptoms and then again after a year of treatment, when they were far less symptomatic and largely drug- and alcohol-free. We found a relatively strong and enduring effect of stigma on well-being. This finding indicates that stigma continues to complicate the lives of the stigmatized even as treatment improves their symptoms and functioning. It follows that if health professionals want to maximize the well-being of the people they treat, they must address stigma as a separate and important factor in its own right.
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| Psychological factors and treatment effectiveness in resistant anxiety disorders in highly comorbid inpatients. | Ociskova M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Substance Use and Mental Health Stigma in Veterans With Co-Occurring Disorders. | Harnish A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Substance use stigma: Reliability and validity of a theory-based scale for substance-using populations. | Smith LR et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Taint: an examination of the lived experiences of stigma and its lingering effects for eight sex industry experts. | Bowen R et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| The future of mental health care: peer-to-peer support and social media. | Naslund JA et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| African American cocaine users' preferred treatment site: variations by rural/urban residence, stigma, and treatment effectiveness. | Borders TF et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Collective levels of stigma and national suicide rates in 25 European countries. | Schomerus G et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Do attitudes towards persons with mental illness worsen during the course of life? An age-period-cohort analysis. | Schomerus G et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Does type of disability make a difference in affiliate stigma among family caregivers of individuals with autism, intellectual disability or physical disability? | Werner S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Educating medical students about anorexia nervosa: a potential method for reducing the volitional stigma associated with the disorder. | Bannatyne A et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Effects of publicly funded and quality of life on attendance rate among methadone maintenance treatment patients in Taiwan: an 18-month follow-up study. | Chang KC et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Enhancing health-care workers' understanding and thinking about people living with co-occurring mental health and substance use issues through consumer-led training. | Roussy V et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Experiences of discrimination and positive treatment in people with mental health problems: Findings from an Australian national survey. | Reavley NJ et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Factors Underlying Quality Problems with Alcohol Screening Prompted by a Clinical Reminder in Primary Care: A Multi-site Qualitative Study. | Williams EC et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| From discrimination to internalized mental illness stigma: The mediating roles of anticipated discrimination and anticipated stigma. | Quinn DM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Growth In Buprenorphine Waivers For Physicians Increased Potential Access To Opioid Agonist Treatment, 2002-11. | Dick AW et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Help-Seeking Stigma and Mental Health Treatment Seeking Among Young Adult Veterans. | Kulesza M et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| HIV Treatment for Alcohol and Non-Injection Drug Users in El Salvador. | Dickson-Gomez J et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| How much does mental health discrimination cost: valuing experienced discrimination in relation to healthcare care costs and community participation. | Evans-Lacko S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| How stigma impacts on people with psychosis: The mediating effect of self-esteem and hopelessness on subjective recovery and psychotic experiences. | Vass V et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Integrating psychosocial care into neuro-oncology: challenges and strategies. | Chambers SK et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Involvement in mental health self-help groups and recovery. | Markowitz FE | β | 2015 | β |
| Losing confidence in medicine in an era of medical expansion? | Zheng H | β | 2015 | β |
| Nurses' attitudes and beliefs to attempted suicide in Southern India. | Jones S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale: psychometric properties of a questionnaire for children and adolescents. | McKeague L et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Rasch analysis suggested three unidimensional domains for Affiliate Stigma Scale: additional psychometric evaluation. | Chang CC et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Social Identities as Pathways into and out of Addiction. | Dingle GA et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Stigma among California's Medical Marijuana Patients. | Satterlund TD et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Stigma of mental illnesses as perceived by north korean defectors living in South Korea. | Ahn JH et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Stigma-Related Stress and Its Correlates Among Men with Pedophilic Sexual Interests. | Jahnke S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Stress and Hardship after Prison. | Western B et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Portuguese Version of the ISMI Scale. | Oliveira SE et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The stigmatization dilemma in public health policy--the case of MRSA in Denmark. | Ploug T et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Why has medicine expanded? The role of consumers. | Zheng H | β | 2015 | β |
| A comparison of psychiatric diagnoses among HIV-infected prisoners receiving combination antiretroviral therapy and transitioning to the community. | Di Paola A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| An intergenerational choir formed to lessen Alzheimer's disease stigma in college students and decrease the social isolation of people with Alzheimer's disease and their family members: a pilot study. | Harris PB et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Aspects of perceived stigma: the Stigma Inventory for Mental Illness, its development, latent structure and psychometric properties. | Karidi MV et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Beliefs and attitudes regarding drug treatment: application of the theory of planned behavior in African-American cocaine users. | Booth BM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Cultural influences in pediatric cancer from diagnosis to cure/end of life. | Gray WN et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Depression and Social Identity: An Integrative Review. | Cruwys T et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Determinants of mental illness stigma for adolescents discharged from psychiatric hospitalization. | Moses T | β | 2014 | β |
| Different faces of discrimination: perceived discrimination among homeless adults with mental illness in healthcare settings. | Skosireva A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Effectiveness of programs for reducing the stigma associated with mental disorders. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Griffiths KM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Eligibility of persons who inject drugs for treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. | Arain A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Impact of living with bipolar patients: Making sense of caregivers' burden. | Pompili M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Impact of psychiatry training on attitude of medical students toward mental illness and psychiatry. | Gulati P et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale: a multinational review. | Boyd JE et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Loneliness mediates the relationship between internalised stigma and depression among patients with psychotic disorders. | Εwitaj P et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Mental health-related stigma in health care and mental health-care settings. | Henderson C et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Perceived mental health related stigma, gender, and depressive symptom severity in a psychiatric facility in South India. | Kulesza M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Personal and perceived stigmatization of depression: a comparison of data from the general population, participants of a depression congress and job placement officers in Germany. | Dietrich S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Psychiatric comorbidity and perceived alcohol stigma in a nationally representative sample of individuals with DSM-5 alcohol use disorder. | Glass JE et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Psychometric evaluation of the internalized stigma of mental illness scale for patients with mental illnesses: measurement invariance across time. | Chang CC et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Public stigma associated with mental illnesses in Pakistani university students: a cross sectional survey. | Waqas A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Racial discrimination is associated with distressing subthreshold positive psychotic symptoms among US urban ethnic minority young adults. | Anglin DM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Self-perceived stigmatization in female patients with anorexia nervosa--results from an explorative retrospective pilot study of adolescents. | Maier A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Sick in the head? Pathogen concerns bias implicit perceptions of mental illness. | Lund EM et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Stigma among Individuals with Substance Use Disorders: Does it Predict Substance Use, and Does it Diminish with Treatment? | Kulesza M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Stigma predicts residential treatment length for substance use disorder. | Luoma JB et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental disorders: a comparison of Australian health professionals with the general community. | Reavley NJ et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Tal Como Somos/just as we are: an educational film to reduce stigma toward gay and bisexual men, transgender individuals, and persons living with HIV/AIDS. | Ramirez-Valles J et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The relationship between discrimination and high-risk social ties by race/ethnicity: examining social pathways of HIV risk. | Crawford ND et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Use of Twitter to monitor attitudes toward depression and schizophrenia: an exploratory study. | Reavley NJ et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Alcohol stigma and persistence of alcohol and other psychiatric disorders: a modified labeling theory approach. | Glass JE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Attitudes towards nicotine, alcohol and drug dependence among physicians in Israel. | Lev-Ran S et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Depression and stigma: from attitudes to discrimination. | Jorm AF et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Development and psychometric evaluation of the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC). | Brohan E et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effects of music therapy on self- and experienced stigma in patients on an acute care psychiatric unit: a randomized three group effectiveness study. | Silverman MJ | β | 2013 | β |
| HIV/AIDS stigma: measurement and relationships to psycho-behavioral factors in Latino gay/bisexual men and transgender women. | Molina Y et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| HIV stigma mechanisms and well-being among PLWH: a test of the HIV stigma framework. | Earnshaw VA et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Implicit attitudes, emotions, and helping intentions of mental health workers toward their clients. | Brener L et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| 'Individualism-collectivism' as an explanatory device for mental illness stigma. | Papadopoulos C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Individual-level socioeconomic status and community-level inequality as determinants of stigma towards persons living with HIV who inject drugs in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam. | Lim T et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| It's not you, it's me: an examination of clinician- and client-level influences on countertransference toward borderline personality disorder. | Liebman RE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Looking for Mr. PG: masculinities and men's depression in a northern resource-based Canadian community. | Coen SE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Medicalizing versus psychologizing mental illness: what are the implications for help seeking and stigma? A general population study. | Pattyn E et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Mental health knowledge and attitudes in a transition year student group: a pilot survey. | Beirne M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Mothering on the margins: homeless women with an SUD and complex mental health co-morbidities. | Dawson A et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Perceived alcohol stigma: factor structure and construct validation. | Glass JE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Perceptions of cannabis as a stigmatized medicine: a qualitative descriptive study. | Bottorff JL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Public opinion on imposing restrictions to people with an alcohol- or drug addiction: a cross-sectional survey. | van Boekel LC et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Public stigma of mental illness in the United States: a systematic literature review. | Parcesepe AM et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Recovery from serious mental illness: trajectories, characteristics, and the role of mental health care. | Green CA et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Revisiting sociotechnical systems in a case of unreported use of health information exchange system in three hospital emergency departments. | Ozkaynak M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Stigma as a fundamental cause of population health inequalities. | Hatzenbuehler ML et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Stigma, perceived blame, self-blame, and depressive symptoms in men with colorectal cancer. | Phelan SM et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Subjective well-being among family caregivers of individuals with developmental disabilities: the role of affiliate stigma and psychosocial moderating variables. | Werner S et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Substance Use Related Stigma: What we Know and the Way Forward. | Kulesza M et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Tackling stigma associated with intellectual disability among the general public: a study of two indirect contact interventions. | Walker J et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The influence of state mental health perceptions and spending on an individual's use of mental health services. | Richardson J et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The public stigma of mental illness: what do we think; what do we know; what can we prove? | Pescosolido BA | β | 2013 | β |
| The relationship between drug user stigma and depression among inner-city drug users in Baltimore, MD. | Latkin C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The relationship between perceived discrimination and high-risk social ties among illicit drug users in New York City, 2006-2009. | Crawford ND et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The Role of Intrapersonal Factors on Alcohol and Drug Use Among Latinos With Physical Disabilities. | Cordova D et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Understanding barriers to hepatitis C virus care and stigmatization from a social perspective. | Treloar C et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| A comparison of depression prevalence estimates measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire with two administration modes: computer-assisted telephone interviewing versus computer-assisted personal interviewing. | Li C et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| A pilot study examining perceived rejection and secrecy in relation to illicit drug use and associated stigma. | Palamar JJ | β | 2012 | β |
| Correlates of perceived and internalized stigma among abortion patients in the USA: an exploration by race and Hispanic ethnicity. | Shellenberg KM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Cultural aspects of schizophrenia. | Kalra G et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Depression in cultural context: "Chinese somatization," revisited. | Ryder AG et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Development and initial testing of a measure of public and self-stigma in the military. | Skopp NA et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Effectiveness of a school-based intervention for enhancing adolescents' positive attitudes towards people with mental illness. | Giannakopoulos G et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| From personal tragedy to personal challenge: responses to stigma among sober living home residents and operators. | Heslin KC et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| From Structural Chaos to a Model of Consumer Support: Understanding the Roles of Structure and Agency in Mental Health Recovery for the Formerly Homeless. | Watson DP | β | 2012 | β |
| Internalized stigma among patients with schizophrenia in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional facility-based study. | Assefa D et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Levels of empathy in undergraduate nursing students. | McKenna L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Perceived Mental Illness Stigma Among Youth in Psychiatric Outpatient Treatment. | Elkington KS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Persian translation of perception of psychiatry survey questionnaire and evaluation of its psychometric properties. | Artounian V et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Predictors of stigmatization towards use of various illicit drugs among emerging adults. | Palamar JJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Residual stigma: psychological distress among the formerly overweight. | Levy BR et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Self-stigma of mental illness scale--short form: reliability and validity. | Corrigan PW et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Social networks and risk for depressive symptoms in a national sample of sexual minority youth. | Hatzenbuehler ML et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Standardised measures of needs, stigma and informal care in schizophrenia using a bottom-up, cross-cultural approach. | Torres-Gonzalez F et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Stigma and intellectual disability: a review of related measures and future directions. | Werner S et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Stigma and Status: The Interrelation of Two Theoretical Perspectives. | Lucas JW et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Stigma experiences in bipolar patients: the impact upon functioning. | ThomΓ© ES et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental disorders: changes in Australia over 8 years. | Reavley NJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The effectiveness of interventions for reducing stigma related to substance use disorders: a systematic review. | Livingston JD et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| A good quality of life under the influence of methadone: a qualitative study among opiate-dependent individuals. | De Maeyer J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Attitudes of Malaysian general hospital staff towards patients with mental illness and diabetes. | Minas H et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Battling in the trenches: case managers' ability to combat the effects of mental illness stigma on consumers' perceived quality of life. | Kondrat DC et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Development and psychometric evaluation of scales that assess stigma associated with illicit drug users. | Palamar JJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Examining a progressive model of self-stigma and its impact on people with serious mental illness. | Corrigan PW et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Experiences with mephedrone pre- and post-legislative controls: perceptions of safety and sources of supply. | McElrath K et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Factors associated with perceived stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS in post-conflict northern Uganda. | Nattabi B et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Gender differences in the knowledge, attitude and practice towards mental health illness in a rapidly developing Arab society. | Bener A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Knowledge of Depression Among Korean American Older Adults. | Jang Y et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Proposal of a socio-cognitive-behavioral structural equation model of internalized stigma in people with severe and persistent mental illness. | MuΓ±oz M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Public knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards patients with schizophrenia: Buenos Aires. | Leiderman EA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Seeking help for depression from family and friends: a qualitative analysis of perceived advantages and disadvantages. | Griffiths KM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Social exclusion, personal control, self-regulation, and stress among substance abuse treatment clients. | Cole J et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Social stigma and disclosure about induced abortion: results from an exploratory study. | Shellenberg KM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Standardized measures for substance use stigma. | Brown SA | β | 2011 | β |
| Stigma and functioning in patients with bipolar disorder. | VΓ‘zquez GH et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Stigma and sex work from the perspective of female sex workers in Hong Kong. | Wong WC et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental disorders: findings from an Australian National Survey of Mental Health Literacy and Stigma. | Reavley NJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| The importance of resilience and stress to maintaining smoking abstinence and cessation: a qualitative study in Australia with people diagnosed with depression. | Tsourtos G et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| This is Who I Am: Aboriginal Women's Healing from Criminalization and Problematic Drug Use. | Dell CA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Attitudes of undergraduate health science students towards patients with intellectual disability, substance abuse, and acute mental illness: a cross-sectional study. | Boyle MJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Attitudes towards people with mental disorders: the psychometric characteristics of a Finnish questionnaire. | Aromaa E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Connecting masculinity and depression among international male university students. | Oliffe JL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Correlates and consequences of internalized stigma for people living with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Livingston JD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Descriptive epidemiology of stigma against depression in a general population sample in Alberta. | Cook TM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Effect of incarceration history on outcomes of primary care office-based buprenorphine/naloxone. | Wang EA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Experiences of mental illness stigma, prejudice and discrimination: a review of measures. | Brohan E et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Factors associated with sex in the context of methamphetamine use in different sexual venues among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. | Semple SJ et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Identification of substance use and dependence among patients with viral hepatitis. | Jackson CB et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Perceived mental illness stigma and HIV risk behaviors among adult psychiatric outpatients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. | Elkington KS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Psychiatric rehabilitation interventions: a review. | Farkas M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Stigma and treatment delay in first-episode psychosis: a grounded theory study. | Franz L et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Stigma and treatment for alcohol disorders in the United States. | Keyes KM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Stigmatization of eating disorders: a controlled study of the effects of the television show Starved. | Katterman SN et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The development and psychometric properties of a new measure of perceived stigma toward substance users. | Luoma JB et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The perceived and predicted implications of psychiatric genetic knowledge among persons with multiple cases of depression in the family. | Laegsgaard MM et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The psychosocial transition associated with spontaneous 46,XX primary ovarian insufficiency: illness uncertainty, stigma, goal flexibility, and purpose in life as factors in emotional health. | Davis M et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The relationship between drug use stigma and HIV injection risk behaviors among injection drug users in Chennai, India. | Latkin C et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The stigma of childhood mental disorders: a conceptual framework. | Mukolo A et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Adolescent stigma towards drug addiction: effects of age and drug use behaviour. | Adlaf EM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Association between quality of life and self-stigma, insight, and adverse effects of medication in patients with depressive disorders. | Yen CF et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Associations between perceived weight discrimination and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the general population. | Hatzenbuehler ML et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Behavior analysis in the era of medicalization: the state of the science and recommendations for practitioners. | Wyatt WJ | β | 2009 | β |
| Ethics in substance use disorder treatment. | Geppert CM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Ethnic differences in substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and psychosocial factors in a sample of heterosexual methamphetamine users. | Semple SJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Extent and predictors of stigma experienced by patients with schizophrenia. | Switaj P et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| How does sexual minority stigma "get under the skin"? A psychological mediation framework. | Hatzenbuehler ML | β | 2009 | β |
| How does stigma "get under the skin"?: the mediating role of emotion regulation. | Hatzenbuehler ML et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| How quality improvement interventions for depression affect stigma concerns over time: a nine-year follow-up study. | Klap R et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Living with a concealable stigmatized identity: the impact of anticipated stigma, centrality, salience, and cultural stigma on psychological distress and health. | Quinn DM et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Nowhere to go: how stigma limits the options of female drug users after release from jail. | van Olphen J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Perceived stigma among individuals with common mental disorders. | Alonso J et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Public attitudes towards people with mental illness in England and Scotland, 1994-2003. | Mehta N et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Racial differences in attitudes toward professional mental health treatment: the mediating effect of stigma. | Conner KO et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Relationships between stigma, depression, and treatment in white and African American primary care patients. | Menke R et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Self-labeling and its effects among adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders. | Moses T | β | 2009 | β |
| Smoker-free workplace policies: developing a model of public health consequences of workplace policies barring employment to smokers. | Houle B et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Stigma and self-concept among adolescents receiving mental health treatment. | Moses T | β | 2009 | β |
| Students' perception about mental illness. | Mahto RK et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The burden of awareness of psychometric risk for schizophrenia. | Linscott RJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The relationship between concurrent substance use disorders and eating disorders with personality disorders. | Courbasson C et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| A comparison of African-Caribbean and White European young adults' conceptions of schizophrenia symptoms and the diagnostic label. | Stone L et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| An ethnographic study of stigma and ageism in residential care or assisted living. | Dobbs D et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| A review of the stereotype threat literature and its application in a neurological population. | Kit KA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Association of perceived stigma and mood and anxiety disorders: results from the World Mental Health Surveys. | Alonso J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Caregiver burden and health in bipolar disorder: a cluster analytic approach. | Perlick DA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Church ladies, good girls, and locas: stigma and the intersection of gender, ethnicity, mental illness, and sexuality in relation to HIV risk. | Collins PY et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Commentary on Erickson and Wilcox (2006): In defense of gathering evidence on changing "dependence" to "addiction" in DSM-V. | Hasin D | β | 2008 | β |
| Cultural and community determinants of subjective social status among Cherokee and White youth. | Brown RA et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Delay in seeking treatment and adherence to tuberculosis medications in Russia: a survey of patients from two clinics. | Woith WM et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Depression self-stigma: a new measure and preliminary findings. | Kanter JW et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Evaluation of a trauma-informed and gender-responsive intervention for women in drug treatment. | Covington SS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Knowledge about schizophrenia and social distance toward individuals with schizophrenia: a survey among predominantly low-income, urban, African American community members. | Esterberg ML et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Methamphetamine-using felons: psychosocial and behavioral characteristics. | Semple SJ et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Part-time hospitalisation and stigma experiences: a study in contemporary psychiatric hospitals. | Verhaeghe M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Perceived interpersonal mistreatment among obese Americans: do race, class, and gender matter? | Carr D et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Psychosocial correlates of the perceived stigma of problem drinking in the workplace. | Reynolds GS et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Reducing self-stigma in substance abuse through acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, manual development, and pilot outcomes. | Luoma JB et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Reducing the stigma of mental illness among adolescents and young adults: the effects of treatment information. | Romer D et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Relationship of stigma to HIV risk among women with mental illness. | Collins PY et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Stigma and the ethics of public health: not can we but should we. | Bayer R | β | 2008 | β |
| Stigma as related to mental disorders. | Hinshaw SP et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Stigma, prejudice, discrimination and health. | Stuber J et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Stigmatising attitude of medical students towards a psychiatry label. | Ogunsemi OO et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Stigmatization and self-esteem of persons in recovery from mental illness: the role of peer support. | Verhaeghe M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| The evaluation of a short group programme to reduce self-stigma in people with serious and enduring mental health problems. | MacInnes DL et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| Ward features affecting stigma experiences in contemporary psychiatric hospitals: a multilevel study. | Verhaeghe M et al. | β | 2008 | β |
| An investigation of stigma in individuals receiving treatment for substance abuse. | Luoma JB et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Behavioral health problems as barriers to work: results from a 6-year panel study of welfare recipients. | Zabkiewicz D et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Early intervention in psychosis: a rural perspective. | Kelly M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Evaluation of the psychometrics of the Social Impact Scale: a measure of stigmatization. | Pan AW et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Experiences of stigma among people with severe mental illness. Reliability, acceptability and construct validity of the Swedish versions of two stigma scales measuring devaluation/discrimination and rejection experiences. | BjΓΆrkman T et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Making psychiatry a household word. | Reddy IR | β | 2007 | β |
| Measuring self-stigma of mental illness in China and its implications for recovery. | Fung KM et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Organizational and individual level determinants of stigmatization in mental health services. | Verhaeghe M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Process improvement needs in substance abuse treatment: admissions walk-through results. | Ford JH et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Provider perceptions of patient psychosocial needs after orofacial injury. | Zazzali JL et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Resources for mental health: scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency. | Saxena S et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Self-efficacy and empowerment as outcomes of self-stigmatizing and coping in schizophrenia. | Vauth R et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Sociodemographic and clinical factors related to devaluation/discrimination and rejection experiences among users of mental health services. | Lundberg B et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Space: the new frontier in HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men. | Easton D et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Stigma and discrimination towards people with schizophrenia and their family members. A qualitative study with focus groups. | GonzΓ‘lez-Torres MA et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Stigma, discrimination and the health of illicit drug users. | Ahern J et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Stigmatization in different mental health services: a comparison of psychiatric and general hospitals. | Verhaeghe M et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Treatment of older adults with co-morbid personality disorder and depression: a dialectical behavior therapy approach. | Lynch TR et al. | β | 2007 | β |
| Are psychological consequences of stigma enduring or transitory? A longitudinal study of HIV stigma and distress among Asians and Pacific Islanders living with HIV illness. | Kang E et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Barriers to healthcare as reported by rural and urban interprofessional providers. | Brems C et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Cancer in the mass print media: fear, uncertainty and the medical model. | Clarke JN et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Gender, age, society, culture, and the patient's perspective in the functional gastrointestinal disorders. | Chang L et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Influence of newspaper reporting on adolescents' attitudes toward people with mental illness. | Dietrich S et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Is HIV/AIDS stigma dividing the gay community? Perceptions of HIV-positive men who have sex with men. | Courtenay-Quirk C et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Psychiatric rehabilitation today: an overview. | RΓΆssler W | β | 2006 | β |
| Self-stigma in women with borderline personality disorder and women with social phobia. | RΓΌsch N et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Social support modifies perceived stigmatization in the first years of mental illness: a longitudinal approach. | Mueller B et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Solutions to discrimination in work and housing identified by people with mental illness. | Corrigan PW et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Stigma and its public health implications. | Link BG et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Stigma in response to mental disorders: a comparison of Australia and Japan. | Griffiths KM et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The effect of online status on the impact factors of general internal medicine journals. | Mueller PS et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| The negotiation of identity among people with mental illness in rural communities. | Ekeland TJ et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Use of mental health services in a developing country. Results from the Nigerian survey of mental health and well-being. | Gureje O et al. | β | 2006 | β |
| Iatrogenic effects of psychosocial interventions for substance use disorders: prevalence, predictors, prevention. | Moos RH | β | 2005 | β |
| Is obesity stigmatizing? Body weight, perceived discrimination, and psychological well-being in the United States. | Carr D et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Labeling--stereotype--discrimination. An investigation of the stigma process. | Angermeyer MC et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Mental illness stigma: concepts, consequences, and initiatives to reduce stigma. | RΓΌsch N et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Methamphetamine-using HIV-positive men who have sex with men: correlates of polydrug use. | Patterson TL et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Portrayal of childhood cancer in English language magazines in North America: 1970-2001. | Clarke J | β | 2005 | β |
| Role of stigma and attitudes toward help-seeking from a general practitioner for mental health problems in a rural town. | Wrigley S et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Self-esteem and stigma among persons with schizophrenia: implications for mental health. | Berge M et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Stigma as a barrier to employment: mental disability and the Americans with Disabilities Act. | Scheid TL | β | 2005 | β |
| Stigma, social inequality and alcohol and drug use. | Room R | β | 2005 | β |
| The stigmatization of mental illness in children and parents: developmental issues, family concerns, and research needs. | Hinshaw SP | β | 2005 | β |
| Utilization of drug treatment programs by methamphetamine users: the role of social stigma. | Semple SJ et al. | β | 2005 | β |
| Discreditable: stigma effects of revealing a mental illness history on test performance. | Quinn DM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Effect of web-based depression literacy and cognitive-behavioural therapy interventions on stigmatising attitudes to depression: randomised controlled trial. | Griffiths KM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Ethnicity and diagnostic patterns in veterans with psychoses. | Blow FC et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Hepatitis C virus-infected patients report communication problems with physicians. | Zickmund S et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Internalized stigma predicts erosion of morale among psychiatric outpatients. | Ritsher JB et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Perceived stigma in functional somatic syndromes and comparable medical conditions. | Looper KJ et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Perceived stigmatization of mentally ill people and its consequences for the quality of life in a Swiss population. | Graf J et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Relationship between perceived stigma and depression severity. | Pyne JM et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Risks, stigma and Honduran GarΓfuna conceptions of HIV/AIDS. | Stansbury JP et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Stigma: a health barrier for women with HIV/AIDS. | Carr RL et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Stigma: the feelings and experiences of 46 people with mental illness. Qualitative study. | Dinos S et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| The stigma of mental illness: patients' anticipations and experiences. | Angermeyer MC et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Veterans seeking disability benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder: who applies and the self-reported meaning of disability compensation. | Sayer NA et al. | β | 2004 | β |
| Internalized stigma of mental illness: psychometric properties of a new measure. | Ritsher JB et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Interventions to reduce the stigma associated with severe mental illness: experiences from the open the doors program in Germany. | Gaebel W et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| "It's like being in another world": demonstrating the benefits of therapeutic horseback riding for individuals with psychiatric disability. | Bizub AL et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Perceptions of discrimination among persons with serious mental illness. | Corrigan P et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence. | Meyer IH | β | 2003 | β |
| Risk of suicide and related adverse outcomes after exposure to a suicide prevention programme in the US Air Force: cohort study. | Knox KL et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Stigma and depression among primary care patients. | Roeloffs C et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Subjective experiences of stigma. A focus group study of schizophrenic patients, their relatives and mental health professionals. | Schulze B et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The Community Guide's model for linking the social environment to health. | Anderson LM et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| The stigma of mental illness: effects of labelling on public attitudes towards people with mental disorder. | Angermeyer MC et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| "They treated me like a leper". Stigmatization and the quality of life of patients with hepatitis C. | Zickmund S et al. | β | 2003 | β |
| Community-based interventions. | Bruce ML et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Is low self-esteem an inevitable consequence of stigma? An example from women with chronic mental health problems. | Camp DL et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Psychosocial intervention for lesbians with primary breast cancer. | Fobair P et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Stigma in psychiatry. | Gray AJ | β | 2002 | β |
| The effects of stereotype suppression on psychiatric stigma. | Penn DL et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| The limits to patient compliance with directly observed therapy for tuberculosis: a socio-medical study in Pakistan. | Meulemans H et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness. | Corrigan PW et al. | β | 2002 | β |
| Negative and supportive social interactions and quality of life among persons diagnosed with severe mental illness. | Yanos PT et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Reducing the stigma of schizophrenia: understanding the process and options for interventions. | Angermeyer MC et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| Stigma as a barrier to recovery: The consequences of stigma for the self-esteem of people with mental illnesses. | Link BG et al. | β | 2001 | β |
| How stigmatising is schizophrenia in India? | Thara R et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Stigmatisation of people with mental illnesses. | Crisp AH et al. | β | 2000 | β |
| Attitudes towards people with a mental disorder: a survey of the Australian public and health professionals. | Jorm AF et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| Public conceptions of mental illness: labels, causes, dangerousness, and social distance. | Link BG et al. | β | 1999 | β |
| 'Changing minds': banishing the stigma of mental illness. | White PD | β | 1998 | β |
| The stigma of severe mental illness: some potential solutions for a recalcitrant problem. | Penn DL et al. | β | 1998 | β |