tobacco use risk_factor_for death

Subject: tobacco use
Relation: risk_factor_for
Object: death
p-value: —

Evidence from: primary | all sources

Evidence (2 sources)

Increased cigarette tax is associated with reductions in alcohol consumption in a longitudinal U.S. sample. (2014) PMID:23930623 cited

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death

confidence: 0.95

Toward a global view of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and cocaine use: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. (2008) PMID:18597549 cited

the evidence of tobacco-related premature mortality is substantial

confidence: 0.96