negative affect risk_factor_for smoking behavior

Subject: negative affect
Relation: risk_factor_for
Object: smoking behavior
p-value: —

Evidence from: primary | all sources

Evidence (1 sources)

The serotonin transporter gene and startle response during nicotine deprivation. (2011) PMID:20888887 cited

well-documented association between negative affect and smoking

confidence: 0.90