habitual smoking risk_factor_for nicotine

Subject: habitual smoking
Relation: risk_factor_for
Object: nicotine
p-value: —

Evidence from: primary | all sources

Evidence (1 sources)

Co-occurring risk factors for alcohol dependence and habitual smoking: update on findings from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. (2006) PMID:17373405 primary

71 percent of the habitual smokers were nicotine dependent

confidence: 0.90