cigarettes risk_factor_for substance use

Subject: cigarettes
Relation: risk_factor_for
Object: substance use
p-value: —

Evidence from: primary | all sources

Evidence (1 sources)

Effects of prenatal alcohol and cigarette exposure on offspring substance use in multiplex, alcohol-dependent families. (2014) PMID:25581650 cited

Prenatal exposures to cigarettes ... are associated with increased risk for substance use and abuse.

confidence: 0.90