smoking associated_with COPD

Subject: smoking
Relation: associated_with
Object: COPD
p-value: —

Evidence from: primary | all sources

Evidence (1 sources)

Time to First Morning Cigarette and Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Smokers in the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial. (2015) PMID:25985429 cited

The risk of COPD was higher among smokers with shorter TTFC.

confidence: 0.90