daily smoking risk_factor_for depressive symptoms
Evidence from:
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Evidence (3 sources)
Age-varying associations between substance use behaviors and depressive symptoms during adolescence and young adulthood.
(2015)
PMID:26483358
cited
Among 12-year old females, daily smokers had mean depression scores 4.3 points higher than non-daily smokers (95% CI = [2.6, 5.9])
confidence: 0.96
Age-varying associations between substance use behaviors and depressive symptoms during adolescence and young adulthood.
(2015)
PMID:26483358
cited
daily smoking ... predicted depressive symptoms
confidence: 0.95
Age-varying associations between substance use behaviors and depressive symptoms during adolescence and young adulthood.
(2015)
PMID:26483358
cited
daily smoking was significantly associated with higher depression scores for females during ages 12.5 to 31, and for males during ages 14.5 to 20.5 and 24.5 to 30.5.
confidence: 0.95