SREBP-1c, a master transcriptional regulator of lipogenic enzymes, but to lower levels of PPARα, a master transcriptional regulator of lipolytic enzymes. Decreased activation of AMPK by ethanol plays a role in these effects [38–41]. What remains unclear is how ethanol is upregulating or activating lipogenic enzymes while downregulating lipolytic enzymes. Possible mechanisms may involve acetaldehyde, homocysteine-induced ER stress, and oxidant stress [38–41, 45,46].
