Participants’ vital status was determined by telephone follow-up, correspondence, and searches of the National Death Index up to 13 July 2007, the censoring date. By the censoring date, 943 (40%) participants were deceased. Compared to those still alive (n = 1416), the deceased were older at time of first assessment (M = 41.5 years vs. M = 63.0, p < .001), less likely to be women (49.9% vs. 19.1%, p < .001), and more likely to be European American (77.0% vs. 96.9%, p < .001), but there were no differences in education. The time interval between personality assessment and death ranged from 0 to 46 years (M = 18; SD = 11) and the interval between personality assessment and censoring date ranged from 5 to 48 years (M = 22; SD = 12). Less than 1% (n = 9) of participants died within one year from personality assessment. Less than 4% (n = 90) died within five years from personality assessment.
