Because the vast majority of studies meeting our criteria employed MBSR, MBCT (Segal et al., 2002), or interventions modeled upon MBSR or MBCT, we excluded studies in which the intervention differed substantially from MBSR and MBCT in length (i.e., two sessions as opposed to the typical eight). Furthermore, we excluded studies in which the MBT was not delivered in person (i.e., audio-taped or internet-delivered interventions).