We observed evidence for recent selection near the KLHL32 gene within the YRI HapMap data using iHS (Supplementary Figure 4) and in the HGPD African participants (Supplementary Figures 5a–d). Nominal evidence of selection was observed within YRI and African American populations using the Treeselect statistic, with the transcription factor binding site SNP rs1206131 (p = 0.003 in the African Americans, and p = 0.005 in YRI and at the SNP rs9387284 (p = 0.004 in the YRI and p = 0.026 in the African Americans) (Supplementary Figure 6a, b). The Treeselect method also demonstrated a significant allele frequency differentiation between African and African-ancestry populations (Fst~0.01) at the transcription factor binding site SNP rs1206131. In panel (b), rs1206131 is the most significant SNP for this test in the region +/− 400kb. The test from the African American branch of the tree in (a) was slightly less significant at rs1206131 and the most significant SNP was downstream, which is also under the iHS and XP-EHH peaks from Africans in the HGDP and HapMap data. The graph of HGDP allele frequencies at this
