Just 10 years since the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) technology (Takahashi et al., 2007), the use of these cells to model brain disorders and obtain disease-relevant information is becoming a tangible reality. Not only are we now able to better detect relevant genetic changes in a patient’s cells using high-throughput genome sequencing technology but also we can establish a direct phenotypic correlation between genetic mutations and an aberrant neuronal phenotype or developmental trajectory. The latest improvements in generating relevant neural cell types by either differentiation of hiPSC lines or by direct conversion of somatic cells (e.g., fibroblasts) now allow researchers to make cells from different areas of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) and probe effects on the cell type where disease manifests. This represents a significant improvement of previous experimental tools, including animal models and in vitro cultures of non-relevant cell lines (such as 293T or HeLa cells), which recapitulate only some of the specific traits of human disease (Eglen and Reisine, 2011, Pouton and Haynes, 2005), with the potential to
