We utilized the results from several GWA studies of Bipolar Disorder. Our TGen sample set consists of 1,190 Bipolar Disorder cases from the Bipolar Genome Study (BiGS) and 401 controls 12. The GAIN sample set, from an earlier study conducted under the GAIN initiative, consists of 1,001 Bipolar Disorder cases and 1,033 controls of European ancestry 11. The WTCCC study of seven common diseases, including Bipolar Disorder, had an experimental design of 2000 cases for each disease and 3000 shared controls 13.