Lifetime and past-year DSM-IV substance use disorders were assessed using the NIAAA Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-IV Version (AUDADIS-IV). Substance use disorders evaluated included abuse and dependence of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, opiates other than heroin and methadone, stimulants, tranquilizers, sedatives, hallucinogens, inhalants/solvents, and other drugs, as well as nicotine dependence. In order to receive a diagnosis of abuse, respondents must have met at least one of four abuse criteria in a twelve month-period at any time (lifetime diagnosis) or in the twelve months prior to the interview (past-year diagnosis). All respondents with a past-year diagnosis also carried a lifetime diagnosis. AUDADIS-IV dependence diagnoses required respondents to meet at least three of seven dependence criteria during the same time periods. Respondents who met criteria for both abuse and dependence were diagnosed with dependence only, consistent with DSM-IV guidelines.
