Only a few chromosome locations found to be associated with the ASPD and ASPD/CD phenotypes were also found to overlap with those reported previously for alcohol related phenotypes in this population (see Ehlers et al., 2004b). One site on chromosome 4 that was identified for the ASPD/CD phenotype in these American Indians was near to a locus previously reported by Long et al., (1998) for alcohol dependence in Southwest Indians. Additionally, a site on chromosome 12 that was reported by Ehlers et al., (2004b) in this American Indian population for the “severity of alcohol dependence drinking symptomatology” was found to be associated with ASPD/CD in the present genome scan. Bivariate analysis of ASPD/CD with severity of alcohol dependence drinking symptomatology (LOD score 1.7) produced a combined maximum LOD score of 2.7 at that site on chromosome 12, however, but was insufficient power to exclude coincident linkage. Taken together these studies suggest that current evidence does not support the existence of areas of the genome that have significant common influence on alcohol dependence and ASPD, CD, or ASPD/CD, in this American Indian population.
