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Chunk #22 — RESULTS — 1. Epigenetic Marks Transition from Quiescent to Differentiation — Histone modifications

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Cellular epigenetic modifications of neural stem cell differentiation.
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The 3me-H3K27 marks appeared in a scattered, random fashion in the core of both undifferentiated and differentiating neurospheres (Figure 2 middle panel), similar to 2me-H3K4 marks, but a sharp decrease was noticed beginning at the periphery of the core and continuing into the migrated zone. Some small clusters of NSCs in the distal migrated areas, however, regained 3me-H3K27 marks at high levels seen in the core and were significantly different (p-value < 0.05) from the periphery (see Figure 2K). Further, brightfield (Figure 2L) indicated that these cells were full of granulation particles in the cytoplasm and were much less differentiated compared to the less intense 3me-H3K27-im neighboring cells that were well differentiated with fiber extensions. Ac-H4 marks appeared similarly to 2me-H3K4 marks, except in the migratory zone- 2me-H3K4 increased whereas Ac-H4 decreased (see Table 1). Notably, the migrated Ac-H4 marks were significantly diminished (p-value < 0.05) compared to undifferentiated, core, and periphery.