cumulative genetic influences using polygenic scores (e.g., Brody et al. 2013). Fourth, the current study did not examine the mechanisms underlying the NR3C1 moderation of the intervention effect. Future studies could further investigate the extent to which genetically moderated intervention effects were mediated through putative proximal targets in the intervention (e.g., Albert et al. 2015a; Brody et al. 2014). Lastly, and most importantly, given the increasing concern over non-replication of candidate gene-environment interaction research (e.g., Dick et al. 2015; Duncan and Keller 2011), extra caution should be taken when interpreting the findings. While the current study examines the theory-driven moderation of a gene selected based on its biological function with multi-year longitudinal data and rigorous measure of environment (herein intervention status), studies with much larger samples are needed to gain larger power to replicate and to more rigorously test the findings, as well as with comprehensive genotype data that could better control for population structure (e.g., Schlomer et al. 2015).
