Besides the theoretical and neuroanatomical distinctions described above, cross-sectional studies have related performance on these three types of behavioral paradigms to suicidal and substance use behavior. Studies using CPTs have shown elevated impulsive responding among suicide attempters (Dougherty et al. 2004b, 2004c; Horesh, 2001; Mathias et al. 2001) and drug abusers (Moeller et al. 2002a, 2002b, 2004, 2005; Swann et al. 2004). Studies using stop tasks have shown that impulsive responding is elevated among suicide ideators (Mathias et al. 2001) and drug abusers (Fillmore and Rush, 2002; Kamarajan et al. 2005; Kaufman et al. 2003; McDonald et al. 2003; Moeller et al. 2002b). Studies using delay-discounting tasks have shown elevated impulsive choices among suicide ideators (Mathias et al. 2001), suicide attempters (Mathias et al. 2006), and drug abusers (Allen et al. 1998; Coffey et al. 2003; Kirby et al. 1999; Odum et al. 2000; Petry, 2002). Finally, while different types of suicidal and drug-abusing populations have exhibited poor impulse control, studies have typically relied on a single type of behavioral measure administered at a single time point. Assessments of multiple
