We selected 359 genes for additional analyses, based on their hypothesized relationship to smoking behavior. 349 of these genes were previously selected by the NICSNP Candidate Gene Committee [50]. We added ten candidate genes identified from two recent GWAS of dichotomized measures of nicotine dependence (CTNNA3, FBXL17, FTO, NRX1, PBX2, TRPC7, VPS13A) and CPD (DGK1, RORB, SLCO3A1) [45], [59].