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Chunk #35 — Discussion

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Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder.
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We observed highly shared polygenicity between PTSD and other psychiatric disorders, albeit with effect discordance across the shared variation. In particular, in some cases we found that the genetic correlation of PTSD with MDD is as high or higher than genetic correlations between different cohorts, with different measures, of PTSD. Thus, our findings corroborate the hypothesis that psychiatric disorders share a substantial amount of risk variation but are differentiated by disorder-specific effect sizes43. Across the disorders we assessed, the correlation between PTSD and MDD was highest, in agreement with existing genetic multi-factor models of psychopathology that consistently cluster these disorders together42,79 and concordant with their epidemiologic co-morbidity80. Evaluation of local patterns of heritability and genetic correlation however indicates disorder-specific risk variation, which will serve as targets for follow-up in cross-disorder investigations. We note that as GWAS of psychiatric traits grow in size and power, the field is seeing relatively strong genetic correlations among these traits, as well as with other behavioral and medical traits. This likely reflects, in part, the reality that there is substantial shared genetic variance among these