To explore the specificity of our natural selection results, we retrieved data from other well-powered GWAS of complex traits. We selected three phenotypes for which (i) the genome-wide summary statistic data were publicly available, (ii) the sample size was larger than 50,000 individuals, (iii) the phenotype has minimal impact on fecundity99–101 (and hence the traits behave as neutral or approximately neutral to selection) and (iv) summary statistics were considered adequate for LD Score analysis based on baseline z scores >426,102 (Supplementary Table 8). The phenotypes chosen were Alzheimer’s disease103, neu roticism104 and type 2 diabetes105. For the LD Score analyses, as the public release of these statistics did not include imputation INFO scores at the time of this study, we restricted the set of SNPs to those included in the HapMap 3 project96, as recommended61. To facilitate comparison with the schizophrenia results, we also restricted our schizophrenia summary statistic data to these SNPs and repeated the analyses above using BGS as a binary (top 2%) and quantitative trait.
