The risk factor of low birthweight for gestation and short gestation for birthweight remains among the leading risks (second position in 1990 for both sexes; third position in 2016 for men and fourth position for women), despite declines in both the number of DALYs and the age-standardised DALY rates since 1990. Smoking is another risk where there has been a consistent decline since 1990 in both SEVs and age-standardised DALY rates, yet it has consistently been ranked among the leading three risk factors for men in DALYs since 1990.
