For all of the statistical analyses described above, SPSS 18.0J for Windows (International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA), gPLINK v. 2.050, PLINK v. 1.07 (http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/purcell/plink/; accessed 1 March 2012),26 and Haploview v. 4.127 were used. The criterion for significance was set at P<0.05, with the exception of the GWAS. Statistical corrections for multiple tests, such as Bonferroni adjustments on the multiple parameters analyzed, were not performed in the present exploratory study after the GWAS because it would be too conservative for genetic association studies,28 meaning that the likelihood of type II errors is increased by Bonferroni adjustments, and truly important differences would be deemed nonsignificant.29
