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Chunk #5 — Evidence for the Existence of Positive and Negative Urgency — Identification of distinct traits in structural analysis

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Emotion-based dispositions to rash action: positive and negative urgency.
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They then created interview assessments of each trait and conducted an MTMM analysis. They found strong evidence for convergence across method of assessment (monotrait, heteromethod correlations ranged from .56 to .74), low heterotrait, monomethod correlations (ranging from .01 to .31) and low heterotrait, heteromethod correlations as well. In a replication, the same authors found monotrait, heteromethod correlations ranging from .67 to .83 and again found good discriminant validity (Smith, Fischer, Cyders, Annus, & Spillane 2007b).