tested the following hypotheses in treatment-seeking individuals after one month of abstinence from alcohol and other substances: PSU have smaller lobar GM, WM and subcortical tissue volumes as well as larger CSF volumes than light-drinking controls (LD) and ALC.In PSU and in ALC, smaller lobar GM and WM volumes correlate with worse measures of working memory, processing speed, visual-spatial learning and memory and auditory-verbal learning and general intelligence.