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Chunk #4 — 1. INTRODUCTION

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Structural brain differences in alcohol-dependent individuals with and without comorbid substance dependence.
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tested the following hypotheses in treatment-seeking individuals after one month of abstinence from alcohol and other substances: PSU have smaller lobar GM, WM and subcortical tissue volumes as well as larger CSF volumes than light-drinking controls (LD) and ALC.In PSU and in ALC, smaller lobar GM and WM volumes correlate with worse measures of working memory, processing speed, visual-spatial learning and memory and auditory-verbal learning and general intelligence.