In recent years, several studies31-37,59,60 have examined the associations of CNR1 with substance abuse and dependence, but the results are not always consistent. A study by Zhang et al37 reported association of a 3-marker (rs806379-rs1535255-rs2023239) haplotype with multiple substance abuse. We typed 2 (rs806379 and rs2023239) of these 3 markers. As mentioned herein, rs2023239 showed nominal associations with SI in both the VAND and VAANX samples, but it also showed nominal association (P=.05) with ND in the VAND sample. However, in our samples, it is the major allele, T, not the minor allele, C, that is overrepresented in the affected individuals. In another report just published as this article was written, Zuo et al31 reported associations of 2 SNPs (rs6454674 and rs806368) with drug dependence and alcohol dependence. We also typed these 2 SNPs. To compare whether the reported genotypes are associated with SI and ND in our sample, we conducted post hoc analyses for genotype associations for these 2 markers. In the VAND sample, we did not find associations at these 2 markers. In the VAANX sample, the 2/2
