After correction for multiple testing, the gene-based analysis returned three significant results (Supplementary Table 16): ST3GAL3 (ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase3; P = 1.6E–06), PCDH7 (protocadherin 7; P = 2.0E–06), and IPO13 (importin 13; P=2.5E–06). ST3GAL3 codes for a type II membrane protein that is involved in catalyzing the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing substrates. ST3GAL3 has been implicated in 107 GWASs, most notably on intelligence and educational attainment. The top SNP in ST3GAL3 (rs2485997; P = 2.48E–06) is in strong LD (r2 > 0.8) with several other SNPs inside the gene body of ST3GAL3 and in moderate LD (r2 > 0.6) with SNPs in several neighboring genes (Supplementary Fig. 3). PCDH7 codes for a protein that is hypothesized to function in cell-cell recognition and adhesion. PCDH7 has been implicated in 196 previous GWASs, for example educational attainment and adventurousness. The top SNP for PCDH7 (rs13138213; P = 1.44E–06) is in strong LD (r2 > 0.8) with a small number of other closely located SNPs and the signal for the gene-based test appears to be driven by two
