cloning were: APP, 5′-caccgctagccagggtcgcgaatgctgc-3′ and 5′-ggcgtcgacctagttctgcatctgctc-3′; PS1, 5′-caccgctagcagttgctccaatgacagagttac-3′ and 5′-gacctcgagctagatataaaattgatggaatgc-3′. The amplified APP or PS1 genes were double-digested with NheI/SalI or NheI/XhoI and ligated to either CSCW-IRES-GFP or CSCW-IRES-mCherry vectors. To make CSCW-APP-IRES-PS1ΔE9-IRES-mCherry vector, the APP-IRES segment of CSCW-APP-IRES-GFP vector were PCR-amplified with 5′-caccgctagccagggtcgcgaatgctgc-3′ and 5′-ggcgctagcggttgtggccatattatcatc-3′ primers, digested with NheI and cloned into NheI site of CSCW-PS1ΔE9-mCherry vector. All the newly constructed vectors were confirmed by sequencing (MGH sequence core. Charlestown, MA, USA). Viral packaging and the titer determination were performed by MGH viral core (Charlestown, MA, USA).