Neural activity during the resting state is believed to be related to the performance of cognitive tasks (Kounios et al., 2008; Deco and Corbetta, 2011). In particular, theta bands during the resting state influence memory storage and recall via their involvement in the organization of information (Klimesch, 1999; Lisman and Jensen, 2013). Klimesch (1996, 1997, 1999) also reported that theta-band activity is involved in short-term memory and upper alpha band activity in long-term memory. Also, retrieval of stored information requires the transfer of that information among various brain areas, such as the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes (Summerfield and Mangels, 2005). Although little is known about how various brain areas interact in this process, theta band connectivity between the hippocampus and neocortex affects the maintenance of new information (Summerfield and Mangels, 2005; Fell and Axmacher, 2011).
