c), analyses of array-based non-synonymous exonic variants (Vrieze et al. 2014b) and 11 whole genome sequencing (Vrieze et al. 2014c). Ultimately, we were neither able to convincingly corroborate any prior finding for any gene or variant previously associated with any of the 17 psychophysiological endophenotypes nor were we able to conclusively identify novel genetic associations. Our findings suggested that endophenotypes will not easily deliver novel genetic discoveries of relevance to clinical psychopathological outcomes.