Fourth, missing data on TS/CT and OCD comorbidity in some individuals prevented us from dividing patients into mutually exclusive subgroups (TS only, OCD only, OCD+TS) for analysis. Instead, we identified CNVs in the combined OCD/TS sample and then reviewed the diagnostic profile of each patient with a CNV. Moreover, TS and OCD participants were not universally screened for other neurodevelopmental disorders, though we documented this information when available (Tables S9, S10, S11, available online). Without comprehensive screening, we cannot exclude 2 possibilities regarding cases with neurodevelopmental CNVs: (1) the primary TS/OCD diagnosis was misclassified (i.e., stereotypies or restricted interests/repetitive behaviors in the context of ASD were misdiagnosed as TS or OCD, respectively) and (2) cases with complex comorbidities were more likely to harbor neurodevelopmental CNVs. All assessments were completed by internationally-recognized expert clinicians, reducing the likelihood of misclassification. However, some individuals with neurodevelopmental CNVs may have had subtle or unassessed ASD, ADHD, cognitive impairment, or psychotic symptoms.
