It has been suggested that the development of the human brain depends on the level of transcription. Alterations in transcription regulation are responsible for the unique gene expression patterns in the brain. Aging is the main risk factor for AD, but normal aging itself can result in only a low degree of neuronal loss. Alternative splicing and gene expression may be involved in AD pathogenesis. Microarrays are widely used for transcriptome analysis, but their accuracy might be limited because of mistakes in hybridization. Transcriptome studies have been performed in animals, various cell lines, cells derived from AD patients, and in postmortem brain tissues. Twine et al performed a whole-transcriptome analysis in different regions of an AD brain.194 Illumina RNA-Seq analysis was used for whole-transcriptome profiling. This study provided a possible insight into the changes in gene expressions and alternative splicing. NGS can produce digital signals directly from the complementary DNA, decrease the risk for false-positive data, and correspond to the existing genomic sequence.194,195
