Starting at experimental time 0, the participant received his/her beverages in lidded, clear plastic cups in two equal portions and, in the presence of the research assistant, consumed each portion over two 5 minute periods, separated by a 5 minute rest (22,23,26). The Alternative Substance Paradigm (27) was employed to reduce expectancy effects by informing each participant the beverage may contain a stimulant, sedative, alcohol, a placebo, or a combination of these substances. At the end of each approximate 4-hour session, when breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) was <0.04 g/dl (28), the participant was transported home by a car service.
