Participants were from a University of Wisconsin Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (UW-TTURC) randomized, placebo-controlled smoking cessation trial (17), 18 years of age or older, smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day, and were motivated to quit smoking. The University of Wisconsin-Madison IRB approved this trial, and all subjects provided written informed consent. Prior to randomization, participants completed baseline assessments of demographics, smoking history (including CPD), and tobacco dependence including the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)(18). Participants provided a breath sample for alveolar carbon monoxide (CO) analysis to verify their smoking status and to estimate their smoking heaviness. The treatment phase lasted 8 weeks. Participants (European-American N=709) were randomly assigned to: placebo (n = 79), bupropion SR (n =118), nicotine replacement therapy (n = 377), or combined bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy (n =135). The pharmacotherapies were: (1) placebo; (2) bupropion SR (150mg twice daily for 9 weeks total: 1 week prior to the quit date and 8 weeks post-quit); (3) nicotine replacement therapy including nicotine lozenge (2 or 4 mg based on the package insert instructions for 12
