recorded in current-clamp mode, and the responses to 1 second current steps (−10 pA, 2 pA, or 3 pA steps) were recorded to determine the input resistance of the cells. Resting membrane potential (RMP) was not corrected for a liquid junction potential. Following current-clamp recording, neurons were recorded in voltage-clamp mode. The cells were hold at −70 mV, and the sodium currents were elicited by 5 mV voltage steps (200 ms) from -20 to 50 mV. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) were recorded at holding potentials of −70 mV and 0 mV respectively. In some experiments, kynurenic acid (3 mM KyA, sigma) or SR95531 (10 µM, Tocris) was used to block sEPSCs or sIPSCs. The data were analyzed with Clampfit.
