In addition to these invasive and complex methods, studying the temporal evolution of LFPs and other collective features of neurons can provide insights into the organization of neural syntax. If gamma waves or measures of population activity do in fact reflect the fundamental assemblies of the syntax, examining the time course of gamma power and its modulation by the phase of the slower alpha, theta and delta rhythms may be a promising direction in human subjects even if the semantic content shaped by the neural syntax remains invisible (Bastiaansen et al., 2002; 2009; Jacobs and Kahana, 2009; Steinvorth et al., 2010). Interpreting mesoscopic signals will require further exploration since the frequency of LFP gamma transients and their coupling across layers and cortical ‘modules’ vary as a function of behavior (Colgin et al., 2009; Montgomery and Buzsáki, 2007; Sirota et al, 2008). With appropriate methods the temporal dynamics of neuronal recruitment and their LFP reflections can be accelerated or slowed down and their impact on the reader mechanism evaluated (Long and Fee, 2008). One can only speculate that the roots of
