& Pettinati, 2005; McKay et al., 2004; McKay et al., 2011; McKay et al., 2010); monitoring via interactive voice response (IVR) and Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and Ecological Momentary Treatment (EMT) platforms (Moore et al., 2013; Morgenstern, Kuerbis, & Muench, 2014) and several more (Muench, 2014). Overall, results from meta-analyses of such interventions are promising (Boumparis, Karyotaki, Schaub, Cuijpers, & Riper, in press; Carey et al., 2009; Riper et al., 2014; Rooke, Thorsteinsson, Karpin, Copeland, & Allsop, 2010; Tait, Spijkerman, & Riper, 2013), but methodological quality of studies within this young field is variable and often weak (Kiluk, Sugarman, et al., 2011). In the sections below we will cover only those which (1) are explicitly or predominantly cognitive-behavioral in focus (although several include components of MI and other interventions), (2) the primary targeted outcome is alcohol or drug use, and (3) the intervention is delivered online. We include an expanded description of a computer-based CBT program developed by our research group as a possible paradigm for how CBT evolve in the future.
