Chunk #10 — 1. Introduction

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and retinoic x receptor in alcoholic liver disease.

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PPARα forms heterodimers with RXR to regulate and bind to PPAR response elements (PPREs) of genes involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation and transport. Ethanol reduces PPARα activity and RXR protein levels; these reductions are associated to the inhibition of fatty acid oxidation [28, 29].