Although we found significant connectivity differences between substance-naïve FHP and FHN youth using an event-related task, fcMRI analyses can be performed using a range of experimental approaches, including resting state (e.g., Biswal et al., 1995; Buckner et al., 2011; Fair et al., 2007, 2009), task-specific block (e.g., Anand et al., 2005; Koshino et al., 2005), and event-related designs (e.g., Fox et al., 2006; Pompei et al., 2011; Versace et al., 2010). Thus, there are several options to consider when determining fcMRI analytic approach. Specifically, resting-state approaches examine connectivity when the subject is not engaged in a specific mental task and usually assume that time series data are stationary, whereas task-specific, event-related designs do not require stationarity and explore connectivity during a cognitive task (Rissman et al., 2004; Zhou et al., 2009). For this study, the results should be interpreted in the context of working memory task demands.
