Prevalence data for sources of non-medical opioids within the POUD group are displayed in Table 5. Data are shown in two aggregated time intervals of 2005–2009 and 2010–2014; AORs measuring changes in source over time among persons with POUD are also shown in Table 5. Rank-order of sources of non-medical opioids remained stable over time. The most prevalent source was free from friends and family, followed by prescription from physician(s). The prevalence of obtaining prescription opioids from friends or family for free decreased significantly over time, and there was a significant increase in prevalence of buying opioids from friends or family. There were no significant changes in prevalence of obtaining prescription opioids from physician(s), stealing, or drug dealers over time. Results were largely unchanged after adjusting for past-year non-heroin illicit drug use and past-year heroin use (Supplementary Table 4).
