Chunk #28 — Mature Network Architecture Develops Via Segregation and Integration — Distance Based Comparisons of Child and Adult Regional Relationships
Kelly et al. (2009) took a different approach to directly compare rs-fcMRI regional relationships in children and adults (see Fig. 6). They started with five seed regions in the anterior cingulate cortex and calculated voxelwise seed maps for each of these five regions in children (8–13 years old) and adults. They binned significantly correlated voxels from each seed map as within 5 mm Euclidean distance, 5– 10 mm distance, 10–15 mm distance, and so forth. For the cingulate region purported to be involved in motor control there was essentially no difference between the groups. For the regions purportedly related to cognitive control and conflict monitoring, there were significant age-related decreases in the number of nearby voxels (0–20 mm) showing correlations with those regions. There were also significant age-related decreases in the number of nearby voxels showing functional connections to the regions thought to be involved in social processing and emotional regulation. However, these regions also showed age related increases in the number of correlated voxels far from the original region location (101–140 mm). Thus it seems that regions related to
