genotyping problems). Genotyping was conducted using Golden Gate technology from Illumina Inc with an array of 1536 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes implicated in the etiology of addictions28 and those for population admixture29. For this study, data from 1041 women of European-American descent (designated using birth record data) with both phenotypic and genetic data are used – as noted in a previous study, these women are representative of the larger cohort and do not vary on key socio-demographic or psychiatric assessments from the remainder of the cohort27.
