The present set of analyses are the first to use a validated research interview to evaluate the order and progression of antisocial symptoms in three racial groups, in men and women and in AASB and AABS. As predicted for our first aim, men and women were found to have a similar clinical course of the progression of antisocial behaviors although men reported more overall symptoms and at an earlier age. Euro-Americans (EA), African Americans (AA), and American Indians (AI) were also found to have a similar clinical course of the disorders, although racial differences in endorsement rates, and ages of onset of some of the individual symptoms were found to differ, with AA and AI reporting more school suspensions/expulsions and arrests than EA . The clinical course of AASB and ASPD were also found to be similar, although participants with ASPD reported more early symtoms such as bullying and cruelty to animals. It is important to note, however, that those participants with AASB did report early symptoms, but did not report enough symptoms to reach criteria for a diagnosis of conduct disorder and thus ASPD.
