Frontal and temporal lobes have received the maximum attention of researchers working in the area of the neurobiology of schizophrenia. The frontal lobe, and more specifically the prefrontal cortex (PFC), is understood to be the “central executive” of the brain, mediating the specific functions carried out by other cortical and subcortical structures. Schizophrenia, being a condition that affects most aspects of human cognition, perception, affect, and behavior, therefore has been postulated to involve a predominant dysfunction of the PFC. However, efforts at “localization” of the underlying pathophysiology of schizophrenia to specific locations in the frontal cortex have not been successful, which has led researchers to believe that schizophrenia is a disorder of functional integration rather than of functional segregation involving localized pathology.[1] Functional integration between various frontal cortical with the subcortical regions are mediated by the frontal subcortical (FSC) circuits, which link the sub-divisions of the PFC with the striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra pars reticulata, subthalamic nucleus, thalamus, and back to the frontal cortex.[2] The FSCs of relevance to neuropsychiatric disorders involve the three segregated circuits originating from the dorsolateral
