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Chunk #13 — THE WAY FORWARD

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An Interdisciplinary Approach to Studying Gene-Environment Interactions: From Twin Studies to Gene Identification and Back.
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Studying GxE interaction has proceeded thus far in a number of fairly independent silos. A growing number of papers are emerging from the field of behavior genetics showing that the importance of (unmeasured) genetic influences on a variety of different outcomes (i.e., heritability) varies as a function of specific measured environments. Largely independent literatures have emerged around a handful of specific measured genes, most notably MAOA and 5HTT. Gene identification projects continue to steamroll forward, embracing a large scale, atheoretical approach with seemingly little intersection with the aforementioned literatures. Although GxE interaction is being discussed far more in the area of gene finding than in years past (Engelman et al., 2009), these discussions often involve atheoretical approaches and center on methods to adequately detect GxE in the presence of extensive multiple testing (Gauderman, 2002; Gauderman et al., 2010), again reflecting differences in philosophy and methods between the fields of psychology and genetics. The more recent interest in GxE interaction in the gene finding world likely stems from the slow progress in identifying specific genes involved in psychiatric traits, and the