We were unable to validate the results of these analyses using independent chromatin data. For the two analyses of brain cell types, this was because we were not aware of any available data sets with analogous chromatin data. For the analysis of brain regions, this was because the chromatin annotations that we analyzed were highly correlated across different brain regions and thus some phenotypes showed enrichment in nearly every brain region; we did not consider these non-specific enrichments to be a meaningful validation of our region-specific results using gene expression data.