Whole cell patch recordings were made in the PL or NAcore in rats previously microinjected with virus into each area. Pyramidal neurons or medium spiny neurons, respectively, were recorded (Moran et al. 2005). Extracellular field potentials were recorded in urethane anesthetized rats (Moussawi et al. 2009). Rats’ PL was microinjected with rAAV2-hSyn-eNpHR3.0-EYFP, concentric bipolar stimulating electrodes were placed in the PL, and glass recording electrodes were aimed at the NAcore.